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Furthermore, PLSR analysis revealed that significant correlation was observed between the cooking loss, TPA parameter (chewiness), colour parameter (L*) and LF-NMR parameters.<br />Different frying temperatures and times had a strong effect on the physicochemical properties of mackerel. Good prediction models could be established by proton migration using the LF-NMR technique and PLSR for fried mackerel. Quality control of fried fish could be realized by monitoring the change in LF-NMR data. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.<br />Different frying temperatures and times had a strong effect on the physicochemical properties of mackerel. Good prediction models could be established by proton migration using the LF-NMR technique and PLSR for fried mackerel. Quality control of fried fish could be realized by monitoring the change in LF-NMR data. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.<br />To examine if making a visit, number of visits and services varied by predisposing (gender, perceived health competence, education, previous relief of pain visit), enabling (dental anxiety, income, social support) and need (perceived need, number of teeth and oral pain) characteristics.<br />Dental visiting and services data from a sample of middle-aged South Australian adults were collected from 61% of participants at 12-months (n=603) and 59% after 24-months (n=583). Visiting over 2-years, mean visits and mean services were analysed by log binomial and Poison regression using the Andersen and Newman model.<br />The percentage having a dental visit over 2-years was lower for males than females, prevalence ratio (PR, 95% CI) 0.91 (0.84, 0.99), and for higher than lower dental anxiety, PR=0.78 (0.62, 0.98). Number of visits was associated with higher than lower income, rate ratio (RR, 95%CI) 1.20 (1.02, 1.41) but lower for those with higher social support, RR=0.86 (0.74, 0.99). Services were lower for those with higher perceived health competence, RR=0.72 (0.56, 0.92) but higher for those with perceived needs, RR=1.22 (1.01, 1.46).<br />While need and cost factors predict dental service use, psychosocial variables such as health competence and social support also need to be considered.<br />While need and cost factors predict dental service use, psychosocial variables such as health competence and social support also need to be considered.Cistanches Herba (CH, Chinese name Roucongrong), is a very precious, tonic Chinese medicine. Cistanche deserticola and Cistanche tubulosa are the two commonly used species and authenticated in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Due to the parasitic nature of Cistanche plants, the wild source was once endangered and listed in the Appendix II of Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. However, after continuously struggling in the past decades, CH has grown up to a big brand of Chinese medicine featured with the cultivation area as 1.26 million mu, the annual output as 6000 tons, and the related industrial output value as more than 20 billion China Yuan, attributing to large-scale cultivation and in-depth phytochemical and pharmacological investigations. Noteworthily, great achievements have reached concerning the research and development of relevant products, such as modern drugs, traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, and dietary supplements. The current review summarizes the research progresses concerning the distribution and cultivation, phytochemistry, pharmacology, metabolism and product development of CH in the past decades, and the emerging challenges and developing prospects are discussed as well.<br />Since their introduction more than a decade ago, isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy (IRIS) systems have rapidly become the standard for oxygen (δ<br />O) and hydrogen (δ<br />H) isotope analysis of water samples. An important disadvantage of IRIS systems is the well-documented sample-to-sample memory effect, which requires each sample to be analyzed multiple times before the desired accuracy is reached, lengthening analysis times and driving up the costs of analyses.<br />We present an adapted set-up and calculation protocol for fully automated analysis of water samples using a Picarro L2140-i cavity ring-down spectroscopy instrument. The adaptation removes memory effects by use of a continuously moisturized nitrogen carrier gas. Water samples of 0.5 μL are measured on top of the water vapor background, after which isotope ratios are calculated by subtraction of the background from the sample peaks.<br />With this new technique, single injections of water samples have internal precisions (1σ) below 0.05‰ for δ<br />O valced markedly without compromising the analytical precision and accuracy. Thorough replication is needed to achieve sufficiently low uncertainties for Δ'17 O.<br />The emergence of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has necessitated evaluation of the potential for SARS-CoV-2 infection in dogs and cats. Using a large data set, we evaluated the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens in samples submitted for respiratory testing from mid-February to mid-April 2020.<br />A SARS-CoV-2 real-time PCR was developed and validated. A subset of canine and feline samples submitted for respiratory pathogen panel testing to reference laboratories in Asia, Europe, and North America were also tested for SARS-CoV-2. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tbk1-IKKe-in-1-compound1.html TBK1/IKKε-IN-5 nmr] The frequency of respiratory pathogens was compared for the February-April period of 2020 and 2019.<br />Samples from 4616 patients were included in the study and 44% of canine and 69% of feline samples were PCR positive with Mycoplasma cynos and Bordetella bronchiseptica and Mycoplasma felis and feline calicivirus, respectively. No SARS-CoV-2 infections were identified. Positive results for respiratory samples were similar between years.<br />The data in this study suggest that during the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in early 2020, respiratory diseases in tested pet cats and dogs were caused by common veterinary pathogens and that SARS-CoV-2 infections in dogs and cats are rare.<br />The data in this study suggest that during the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in early 2020, respiratory diseases in tested pet cats and dogs were caused by common veterinary pathogens and that SARS-CoV-2 infections in dogs and cats are rare.