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The results of the vibration sensors and the position and orientation system of the flight tests are also given to validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed approach.In this paper, a two-stage partially pumped slab (Innoslab) microsecond amplifier at 1064 nm is reported. The 4.4-W single-frequency seed laser is amplified to 303.6 W, with an overall optical-optical efficiency of 25.7%. The overlapping efficiency of the first- and second- amplifier stage is 67% and 55.6%, respectively. The pulse width is 145.0 µs, at a repetition rate of 500 Hz, and the beam quality factor of M2 is 1.84 and 1.71 in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. With higher overlap between the pump volume and the seed laser mode, the output power and optical-optical efficiency can be further improved.Compressive x-ray cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) approaches rely on coded apertures (CA) along multiple view angles to block a portion of the x-ray energy traveling towards the detectors. Previous work has shown that designing CA patterns yields improved images. Most designs, however, are focused on multi-shot fan-beam (FB) systems, handling a 11 ratio between CA features and detector elements. In consequence, image resolution is subject to the detector pixel size. Moreover, CA optimization for computed tomography involves strong binarization assumptions, impractical data rearrangements, or computationally expensive tasks such as singular value decomposition (SVD). Instead of using higher-resolution CA distributions in a multi-slice system with a more dense detector array, this work presents a method for designing the CA patterns in a compressive CBCT system under a super-resolution configuration, i.e., high-resolution CA patterns are designed to obtain high-resolution images from lower-resolution projections. The proposed method takes advantage of the Gershgorin theorem since its algebraic interpretation relates the circle radii with the eigenvalue bounds, whose minimization improves the condition of the system matrix. Simulations with medical data sets show that the proposed design attains high-resolution images from lower-resolution detectors in a single-shot CBCT scenario. Besides, image quality is improved in up to 5 dB of peak signal-to-noise compared to random CA patterns for different super-resolution factors. Moreover, reconstructions from Monte Carlo simulated projections show up to 3 dB improvements. Further, for the analyzed cases, the computational load of the proposed approach is up to three orders of magnitude lower than that of SVD-based methods.Among 3D measurement approaches, multi-frequency phase-shifting structured light has advantages such as high resolution and high sampling rate owing to its point-to-point calculation method. However, there is always phase jump in the measurement process, which greatly reduces measurement accuracy. This paper proposes an error self-correction method for phase jump based on the multi-frequency heterodyne approach. The method uses redundant measurement data to implement self-correction and does not require additional data acquisition steps. We perform both simulations and experiments using the proposed error self-correction method and the classical heterodyne approach to compare the results. The experiment results verify both the accuracy and suitability of the proposed method.A double seed curve extension (DSCE) method is proposed to design a freeform surface directly in an off-axis reflective imaging system. Compared with the basic seed curve extension (SCE) method, the DSCE can effectively reduce the error of freeform surface construction and improve the imaging quality of the off-axis reflective imaging system. In addition, the method can be employed to design an off-axis reflective imaging system consisting of multiple freeform surfaces with several virtual image points set in advance. In order to verify the DSCE method, three examples are given. One is the off-axis freeform one-mirror system, one is a compact off-axis three-mirror imaging system with two freeform surfaces, and the other is an off-axis reflective system with three freeform surfaces. BML-284 concentration The modulation transfer function (MTF) of the one-mirror system is greater than 0.9 at 20 lp/mm, which is close to the diffraction limit. The average of the sagittal and tangential MTFs of the second system designed by the SCE and DSCE methods are 0.26 and 0.74 at spatial frequency of 20 lp/mm, respectively. And the MTF of the last system designed by the DSCE method is greater than 0.9 at 20 lp/mm, which is better than that of the SCE method.Controlling stray light at millimeter wavelengths requires special optical design and selection of absorptive materials that should be compatible with cryogenic operating environments. While a wide selection of absorptive materials exists, these typically exhibit high indices of refraction and reflect/scatter a significant fraction of light before absorption. For many lower index materials such as commercial microwave absorbers, their applications in cryogenic environments are challenging. In this paper, we present a new tool to control stray light metamaterial microwave absorber tiles. These tiles comprise an outer metamaterial layer that approximates a lossy gradient index anti-reflection coating. They are fabricated via injection molding commercially available carbon-loaded polyurethane (25% by mass). The injection molding technology enables mass production at low cost. The design of these tiles is presented, along with thermal tests to 1 K. Room temperature optical measurements verify their control of reflectance to less than 1% up to 65∘ angles of incidence, and control of wide angle scattering below 0.01%. The dielectric properties of the bulk carbon-loaded material used in the tiles is also measured at different temperatures, confirming that the material maintains similar dielectric properties down to 3 K.This work aims to report a robust single-shot color fringe projection method based on phase-shifting profilometry, where, to calculate the phase, is it not necessary to have knowledge of color coupling or color imbalance calibration parameters of the projector-camera system; additionally, it does not require knowledge of the phase-shifting step, nor projecting equally stepped fringe patterns. Furthermore, it does not require a high density of carrier fringes; it only requires a composite single color image. Theoretical and experimental results are provided. Its suitability to simplify absolute unwrapping is also discussed.