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Correlation analysis variables closely related to neutrophils included leucocyte count, lymphocyte, monocyte, albumin, age at first diagnosis, and height. These variables can be a severe concern of medical personnel before undergoing chemotherapy, especially lymphocytes, which have the largest (negative) correlation and can be an early sign of neutropenia.
Even though colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent in the world, its simultaneous presence with other neoplasms, such as renal, is still rare in incidence. This article aims to report and expose a literature review of the synchrony of colorectal cancer and renal carcinoma.
A 57-year-old female patient complaining of diffuse abdominal pain that worsened with food and improved with evacuation, especially in the periumbilical region and right iliac fossa, from moderate to strong intensity, starting 1 year ago, worsening in the last 3 months. An abdominal CT scan was performed, showing a lesion in the right kidney and a narrowing of the ascending colon lumen. Due to the possibility of cure, we opted for right colectomy and right nephrectomy at the same surgery.
Synchronous tumors are neoplasms in which the diagnostic interval is up to 6 months, and must be differentiated from metachronic neoplasms and even metastases between tumors. The incidence of synchronous colorectal and renal cancer is rare but appears to be divergent.
The presence of synchronous tumors can be evidenced in imaging tests, such as CT scan, but appropriate diagnostic tests for each neoplasm, such as colonoscopy, should not be ruled out. The treatment of choice must be surgery, when possible, with the options of conventional access, videolaparoscopic and robotic surgery.
The presence of synchronous tumors can be evidenced in imaging tests, such as CT scan, but appropriate diagnostic tests for each neoplasm, such as colonoscopy, should not be ruled out. The treatment of choice must be surgery, when possible, with the options of conventional access, videolaparoscopic and robotic surgery.
Cryptorchidism, undescended testes, is a pathological condition that is due to failure of descent of testes in the scrotum. This study was aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in localization of undescended testes taking laparoscopic findings as the gold standard.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the radiology department of a tertiary care hospital from September 27, 2018 to September 26, 2019. A total of 416 patients were included. Abdomen-pelvic and scrotal ultrasound were performed. Preoperative abdominal and pelvic DW-MRI was performed with a 1.5-T MRI system using a body coil. All study patients underwent laparoscopic exploration. Intra-abdominal atrophic testes were treated with laparoscopic orchiectomy and orchiectomy samples were taken for histopathologic examination. DW-MRI findings were correlated with laparoscopic findings. A 2 x 2 table was used to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of DW-MRI taking laparoscopy as the gold standard.
The mean age was 17.08±7.99 years and the mean BMI was 19.36±4.96kg/m
. In our study, 34.1% of cases were diagnosed as undescended testes localized by DWI-MRI and 51% of cases were diagnosed as undescended testes localized via laparoscopy. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy were 65.1%, 98%, 97.2%, 73% and 81.3% respectively.
DW-MRI improves the detection of undescended testes. DW-MRI can be a recommended imaging tool to increase the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of MRI in localizing nonpalpable undescended testes.
DW-MRI improves the detection of undescended testes. DW-MRI can be a recommended imaging tool to increase the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of MRI in localizing nonpalpable undescended testes.Medical education has undergone numerous reforms within the last century. Such reforms have produced numerous models of curricula across the world, which includes but is not limited to organ systems-based, problem based and traditional discipline based medical curricula. The system based of medical education in Nigeria need reform as different system are subjective to different effects on students performance and mental health. This article discuss two curricular models and identify their relative strengths and weaknesses; especially in a country like Nigeria.
Around 70% of breast cancers (BCs) are estrogen receptor-α (ERα)-positive. Adjuvant endocrine therapy is used to reduce estrogen levels and inhibit signal transduction through the ER. The anti-estrogen drugs that are most commonly used in endocrine therapy belong to the selective ER modulator (SERM) class and include tamoxifen. Although it has been used for three decades in cases of early-stage and ERα-positive BC, resistance to tamoxifen is a common problem. microRNAs (miRNAs) have a potential role in demonstrating BC resistance to tamoxifen therapy. Hence, there is a need to investigate the expression of miRNA-221 (miR-221) in luminal-subtype BC patients receiving tamoxifen therapy.
This case-control study investigated luminal-subtype BC patients who had undergone endocrine therapy for at least 1 year. The case group comprised patients with local or metastatic recurrence, and the control group comprised patients without local or metastatic recurrence.
There was a significant difference in miR-221 expression (
=0.005) between the case and control groups. There were no significant differences between the groups that were positive and negative for the progesterone receptor (PR) (
=0.25), had high and low marker of proliferation Ki-67 levels (
=0.60), were positive and negative for lymphovascular invasion (
=0.14), and had stage 2 and stage 3 cancer (
=0.25).
miR-221 expression was higher in tamoxifen-resistant BC cases. miR-221 is a potential biomarker of tamoxifen resistance.
miR-221 expression was higher in tamoxifen-resistant BC cases. miR-221 is a potential biomarker of tamoxifen resistance.Throughout history, there have been many outstanding women whose achievements continue to impress and amaze us today. For example, in the field of science, Madame Marie Curie was the first woman Nobel Prize winner and the only person to be awarded a Nobel Prize in two scientific fields. From China, Tu Youyou is a Nobel laureate who discovered artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin, used to treat malaria, a breakthrough in twentieth-century tropical medicine, saving millions of lives around the globe. Businesswomen such as Angela Ahrendts, a former fashion executive who helped revitalize Apple, Inc., and Sheryl Sandberg, Chief Operating Officer of Meta Platforms (formerly Facebook), are recognized as two of the world's most influential business leaders. Now, more than ever, women are at the forefront of developments in optics and photonics research and business. One of those leaders is Elizabeth Rogan, CEO of Optica (formerly the Optical Society and the Optical Society of America.) As the executive in charge of annd personal experiences as its CEO in this issue. She also discussed the reasons behind the recent rebranding of the organization and the bonds of friendship the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Optica have built over the years. Please join us for an in-depth look at why this century-plus-year-old organization has a fresh new vision for the future.
MicroRNAs play an important role in T cell responses. However, how microRNAs regulate Th cells in asthma remains poorly defined.
In this study, we investigated the mechanism and pathways of miR-29b regulating Th cells in asthma, in order to find new targets for asthma.
We detected miR-29b, B7-H3 and STAT3 in the peripheral blood of children with asthma, explored the relationship between these molecules and their effects on T cells through in vitro cell culture, and verified it by animal model.
MiR-29b levels were decreased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children with asthma. Vitro studies found that the expression of miR-29b in macrophages was decreased and the expression of B7-H3 and STAT3 was increased after house dust mite (HDM) stimulation. After down-regulation of miR-29b in macrophages, the expressions of B7-H3 and STAT3 in macrophages were increased and T cells differentiate into Th2 cells. After the addition of B7-H3 or STAT3 antibodies, the differentiation of naive T cells into Th2 cells was reduced. In OVA induced mice asthmatic model, after the up-regulation of miR-29b in lung, the expression of B7-H3 and STAT3 decreased in the lung tissues of mice, and the expression of Th2 cells and type II cytokine decreased simultaneously. The pathological changes of lung tissues were also alleviated.
The expression of miR-29b is decreased in asthmatic children. MiR-29b can inhibit Th2 cell differentiation by inhibiting B7-H3 and STAT3 pathways at the same time, and reduce asthmatic immune inflammation.
The expression of miR-29b is decreased in asthmatic children. MiR-29b can inhibit Th2 cell differentiation by inhibiting B7-H3 and STAT3 pathways at the same time, and reduce asthmatic immune inflammation.
Hereditary angioedema (HAE), a rare disease that is characterized by painful and recurring non-allergic swelling episodes, is caused by the deficiency or dysfunction of C1 inhibitor (C1INH) protein. KU-60019 price A comprehensive HAE management plan may require long-term prophylaxis (LTP) in addition to on-demand treatment to help "normalize" patients' lives so that they may fully engage in work, school, family, and leisure activities.
The main objective of this narrative review is to provide an overview of updated guideline recommendations specific to LTP of HAE and discuss clinical considerations and pharmacologic management options, with a focus on C1INH.
The authors reviewed relevant HAE literature for current recommendations regarding LTP and the role of C1NH.
Acute HAE attacks are treated with on-demand medication; however, there is a consensus that LTP should routinely be considered for risk reduction and prevention of future episodes. The 2017 World Allergy Organization/European Academy of Allergy and Clinicns for LTP include the plasma kallikrein inhibitors, lanadelumab-flyo and berotralstat, approved for adults and pediatric patients aged ≥12years. C1INH is approved for adults and pediatric patients aged ≥6years.
Assessing the need for LTP is vital in the ongoing dialogue between clinicians and patients, as both disease-related factors and patient preferences may change over time. Among available options for LTP, plasma-derived C1INH is the broadly recommended first-line option for LTP in patients with HAE, including pregnant/lactating women and pediatric patients (≥6years).
Assessing the need for LTP is vital in the ongoing dialogue between clinicians and patients, as both disease-related factors and patient preferences may change over time. Among available options for LTP, plasma-derived C1INH is the broadly recommended first-line option for LTP in patients with HAE, including pregnant/lactating women and pediatric patients (≥6 years).