Floquet Phonon Lasing in Multimode Optomechanical Programs

controlling water and salt levels. An expert panel recommended the best ways to assess and treat these problems on the basis of the rather small amount of up-to-date published research available.
People with altered hormone function can suffer from severe sleep disturbance because of a need to pass urine caused by problems in controlling water and salt levels. An expert panel recommended the best ways to assess and treat these problems on the basis of the rather small amount of up-to-date published research available.Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an aggressive blood cancer that affects both children and adults. find more Although the majority of children diagnosed with ALL are now cured and outcomes are improving for younger adults, older adults diagnosed with ALL usually succumb to their disease. Traditional chemotherapy regimens are poorly tolerated and ineffective in most older adults. Recently, novel chemotherapy agents such as inotuzumab ozogamicin and venetoclax have been successfully combined with dose reduced chemotherapy (mini-hyper-CVD) with promising results. Further study is needed to define the optimal combination and sequencing of novel agents and chemotherapy for different patient populations. This review discusses the challenge of treating older adults with traditional chemotherapy, experience to date with novel agents in combination with mini-hyper-CVD, as well as future directions and unanswered questions.Aberrant signaling of mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR aka mammalian target of rapamycin) is shown to be linked to tumorigenesis of numerous malignancies including glioblastoma (GB). mTOR is a serine threonine kinase that functions by forming two multiprotein complexes. These complexes are named mTORC1 and mTORC2 and activate downstream substrates that execute cellular and metabolic functions. This signaling cascade of PI3K/AKT/mTOR is often upregulated due to frequent loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN, a phosphatase that functions antagonistically to PI3K. mTOR regulates cell growth, motility, and metabolism by forming two multiprotein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which are composed of special binding partners. These complexes are sensitive to distinct stimuli. mTORC1 is sensitive to nutrients and mTORC2 is regulated via PI3K and growth factor signaling. Since rapamycin and its analogue are less effective in treatment of GB, we used novel ATP-competitive dual inhibitors of mTORC1 and mTORC2, namely, Torin1, Torin2, and XL388. Torin2 caused a concentration dependent pharmacodynamic effects on inhibition of phosphorylation of the mTORC1 substrates S6KSer235/236 and 4E-BP1Thr37/46 as well as the mTORC2 substrate AKTSer473 resulting in suppression of tumor cell proliferation and migration. Torin1 showed similar effects only at higher doses. Another small molecule compound, XL388 suppressed cell proliferation at a higher dose but failed to inhibit cell migration. Torin1 suppressed phosphorylation of PRAS40Thr246, however, Torin2 completely abolished it. XL388 treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of PRAS40Thr246 at higher doses only. These findings underscore the use of novel compounds in treatment of cancer. In addition, formulation of third generation mTOR inhibitor "Rapalink-1" may provide new aspects to target mTOR pathways. Numerous inhibitors are currently being used in clinical trials that are aimed to target activated mTOR pathways.
We compare the results of delay in oral cancer diagnosis before and after a campaign directed toward dentists and raising awareness of the population to achieve early diagnosis of oral cancer in Córdoba, Argentina. The campaign included training dentists in diagnostic skills and a public awareness program through media and networks.
Clinical records (period 1 before intervention program, n=70; period 2 after intervention program, n=60) of patients presenting with oral squamous cell carcinoma treated in 2 referral centers were analyzed. Records included first symptoms, first consultation with a health professional, and the time when treatment was formulated.
Oral cancer diagnosis at early stages increased from 27% (period 1) to 40% (period 2). Biopsy at first consultation was indicated in 6% of patients in period 1 and in 23.3% in period 2 (odds ratio=4.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.87-11.73; P < .05). Professional delay at early stage decreased from 72% in period 1 to 36.8% in period 2. During period 1, for initial stage cancer, the average patient and professional delays were 2.7 and 2.9 months, respectively (P=.06); in period 2, patient delay was 2.67 months and professional delay was 1.34 months (P=.005).
The intervention program helped to improve early-stage diagnosis from 27% to 40% by reducing professional delays.
The intervention program helped to improve early-stage diagnosis from 27% to 40% by reducing professional delays.
The present study investigated antiglycation and antioxidant activities of crude dry extract and saponin fraction of Tribulus terrestris. It also developed a method of microencapsulation and evaluated antiglycation and antioxidant activities of crude dry extract and saponin fraction before and after microcapsule release.
Antiglycation activity was determined by relative electrophoretic mobility (REM), free amino groups and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation. Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO) and thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) tests. Microcapsules were prepared using maltodextrin as wall material and freeze-drying as encapsulation technique. Morphological characterization of microcapsules was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, and encapsulation efficiency and microcapsule release were determined by total saponins released. Antiglycation and antioxidant ain fraction of T. terrestris.Aconitum heterophyllum (Patrees) is a critically endangered medicinal herb of the northwestern Himalayas and has enormous pharmacological potential. It is the only nonpoisonous member of the genus Aconitum, and has been used as a medicinal herb since ancient times. A. heterophyllum is an important ingredient in many traditional systems of medicine. Mostly, it is harvested for its roots, and its medicinal properties are due to the presence of diverse bioactive secondary metabolites, commonly known as aconites. Our understanding of the pharmacological properties of this intriguing genus is continuously growing due to its broad chemical diversity. The therapeutic uses identified by traditional medicinal practice are receiving extensive study. Multiple in vitro experimental investigations of A. heterophyllum have reported the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antiarrhythmic, antiparasitic and anticancer properties, as well as its effects on the central nervous system. In this review, we highlight the classification, distribution, commerce, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and conservation measures relevant to this species. Additionally, this review includes the biosynthetic pathways of A. heterophyllum's key constituents, which could be targeted to enhance the expression levels of desired metabolites via genetic interventions. Studying the genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomic aspects of this species would be helpful in developing highly designed genotypes and chemotypes of this species to be used in commercial production.
Patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) show excess mortality in MELD-Na based organ allocation for liver transplantation (LT). Whether MELD-based allocation in the Eurotransplant region similarly underprioritizes ACLF patients is unknown.
428 patients listed for LT from 01/2010 to 02/2021 at a tertiary center in Germany were screened and 209 patients included as derivation (n=123) and validation cohort (n=86). Competing risk analysis for waitlist mortality and LT as competing events was performed.
90-day waitlist mortality for patients with MELD < and ≥ 25 at baseline was 9% vs. 33%, respectively (p=0.009). Competing risk analysis shows significantly higher 90-day waitlist mortality in patients listed with ACLF compared to those without ACLF (p=0.021) in the low MELD stratum. Probability of LT was similar between the two groups (p=0.91). In the high MELD group, 90-day waitlist mortality and rates of LT were not significantly different between patients with and without ACLF (31% vs. 20%, p=0.55 and 59% vs. 60%, p=0.72, respectively). Post-transplant survival was similar between patients with and without ACLF. This result was confirmed in the validation cohort.
MELD-based organ allocation in the Eurotransplant region underestimates waitlist mortality in patients with ACLF in lower MELD ranges.
MELD-based organ allocation in the Eurotransplant region underestimates waitlist mortality in patients with ACLF in lower MELD ranges.
Around one in three women experience sexual violence during their lifetime. They may need trauma-sensitive maternity care that takes sexual trauma triggers into account. Midwives are similarly likely to have experienced sexual violence in their lifetime. It is unknown whether midwives with a personal sexual violence history have a different professional approach to the topic than their colleagues without such history.
To explore whether midwives with a personal sexual violence history are more likely to have received or need education about sexual violence and whether they approach sexual violence differently in practice.
An exploratory online survey was conducted amongst practicing midwives in high resource countries. Odds ratios were calculated for differences between midwives with and without a personal sexual violence history.
Of the 288 participating midwives, 48.6% disclosed a personal sexual violence history. Midwives with a personal sexual violence history showed higher uptake of post-graduate education (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.23-3.44), more accurate prevalence estimation (OR 3.42, 95% CI 2.10-5.57) and more confidence to identify sexual violence history (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.19-3.15). We found no differences in requiring future education, screening practices, other aspects of confidence or time and discomfort barriers.
As fellow survivors, midwives with a personal sexual violence history have a unique standpoint towards sexual violence in maternity care practice that may make them more sensitive to the issue.
As fellow survivors, midwives with a personal sexual violence history have a unique standpoint towards sexual violence in maternity care practice that may make them more sensitive to the issue.
As climate change worsens, the frequency and intensity of natural disasters continues to increase. These extreme weather events particularly affect the physical and mental health of vulnerable groups such as mothers and infants. From low-income to high income countries, poorly organised disaster response can negatively impact infant and young child feeding practices.
To examine challenges and supportive strategies for infant and young child feeding during natural disasters to inform further research and guide disaster recommendations and practice.
A comprehensive search strategy explored the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Library. Screening, data extraction and analysis were conducted using Covidence. Quality assessment was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Studies were analysed using thematic analysis.
This review included 13 studies (4 mixed methods, 1 critical ethnography, 2 quasi-experimental studies, 4 descriptive studies, 1 qualitative study, 1 evidence gap map analysis).