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lly healthy, older Chinese adults, we found long-term healthy eating was associated with increased α-diversity of microbial gene families and metabolic pathways and altered symbiotic functions relevant to human nutrition and health.
In a small longitudinal study of generally healthy, older Chinese adults, we found long-term healthy eating was associated with increased α-diversity of microbial gene families and metabolic pathways and altered symbiotic functions relevant to human nutrition and health.The placenta transports iron to the fetus to support growth and development. Mice are commonly used to study placental iron transport. The subcellular locations of transferrin receptor and ferroportin 1 in iron-transporting cells in the mouse placenta have not been directly assessed. Using immunogold electron microscopy, we determined that transferrin receptor is concentrated on the intracellular vesicles in syncytiotrophoblast I while ferroportin 1 is on the basal membrane of syncytiotrophoblast II. Fluorescent imaging of maternally injected transferrin iron in the placentas collected at 6 time points postinjection (n = 1-3 animals/time point) showed that transferrin iron was taken up and metabolized within syncytiotrophoblast I within 48 h after injection. These data indicate that the intracellular iron-trafficking mechanism is distinct in different placental cells.
The Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) is a UN FAO Voices of the Hungry (FAO-VoH) experiential metric of food insecurity (FI). It was pilot tested in some countries but not in Arab speaking ones and validated using global data. Yet, its psychometric properties may vary in the League of Arab States (LAS) due to cultural and linguistic differences.
) assess the validity of FIES for use in the LAS region,
) determine the prevalence of FI, by gender, age group, and the human development index (HDI), and
) examine sociodemographic characteristics of severe FI individuals.
To assess the psychometric properties of FIES, Rasch modeling was applied to the 2014-2015 Gallop World Poll (GWP) in the LAS. Prevalence and characteristics of severely FI individuals were assessed using the 2014-2017 GWP data of 62,261 respondents.
Overall, FIES met the Rasch model assumptions of equal discrimination and conditional independence. Infit statistics for FIES items, in most LAS countries, were <1.3, indicating gstatistics and omission of correlated ones may improve the scale. Populations vulnerable to severe FI include older adults and women. These populations should be examined further.We assessed the quality of online health and nutrition information using a Google™ search on "supplements for cancer". Search results were scored using the Health Information Quality Index (HIQI), a quality-rating tool consisting of 12 objective criteria related to website domain, lack of commercial aspects, and authoritative nature of the health and nutrition information provided. Possible scores ranged from 0 (lowest) to 12 ("perfect" or highest quality). After eliminating irrelevant results, the remaining 160 search results had median and mean scores of 8. Selleck Raptinal One-quarter of the results were of high quality (score of 10-12). There was no correlation between high-quality scores and early appearance in the sequence of search results, where results are presumably more visible. Also, 496 advertisements, over twice the number of search results, appeared. We conclude that the Google™ search engine may have shortcomings when used to obtain information on dietary supplements and cancer.Purpose Community health workers (CHWs) are trusted community leaders and public health workers dedicated to promoting the health and well-being of community members. CHWs, who share similar language and culture, work with refugee communities that are often missed in traditional U.S. health systems. CHWs help refugees gain access to health care through culturally appropriate strategies. However, the scope of their study as cultural brokers with regard to refugee health access is largely unknown in the peer-reviewed literature. This qualitative research study used a constructivist grounded approach to examine the extent to which CHWs helped refugee clients gain access to the health care system. Methods Data were collected through interviews with a purposeful sample of 10 CHW participants affiliated with a primary care access program in Greensboro, North Carolina. Results The diagram derived from this study provided a schema that allowed for an improved understanding of CHW perspectives and experiences when connecting refugee clients to the health care system. Conclusions Further research incorporating CHW voices is recommended because CHWs are instrumental in improving the health and well-being of refugees.Background Cancer-related self-efficacy, a multidimensional construct, is the confidence that one can overcome challenges associated with cancer and its treatment; higher levels have been associated with better psychosocial outcomes of breast cancer survivors. Little is known about factors that influence it among Latina breast cancer survivors. Purpose Assess associations of several aspects of health care processes and of spirituality with self-efficacy for coping with breast cancer treatment among primarily Spanish-speaking Latina breast cancer survivors. Methods We analyzed baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of a cognitive-behavioral stress management intervention that enrolled 151 Spanish-speaking Latinas within 1 year of breast cancer diagnosis. Multivariate linear regression models examined associations of health care processes (quality of breast cancer care and information, participating in medical care, difficulty engaging with doctors) and spirituality (meaning/peace, faith, acceptance) with self-efficacy for coping with breast cancer treatment. Results Mean age was 51 (standard deviation [SD]=11), 66% completed high school or less, and most reported financial hardship in the past year (78%). Average time since diagnosis was 3.8 months (SD=2.7). In bivariate analyses, all six determinants were significantly associated with self-efficacy for coping with breast cancer treatment; participating in medical care (B=0.56, p less then 0.001) and having a sense of meaning/peace (B=0.76; p less then 0.001) were independently associated, controlling for sociodemographic and treatment characteristics. Discussion Interventions that promote participation in treatment decisions and sense of meaning and peace could improve confidence in coping with breast cancer treatment, and potentially quality of life, among Latinas living with breast cancer (Trial Registration Number NCT01383174 [ClinicalTrials.gov]).