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Diagnosing ADHD in Adults
ADHD symptoms can persist throughout a person's life. As adults, these signs can have significant effects on family and work.
To get a diagnosis of ADHD, your symptoms must have started in the early years of your life (technically before age 12). Your evaluator evaluates your medical and personal history.
They may also talk with your spouse or partner, friends and coworkers. This helps them view your issues from a different point of view.
Diagnosis
Adults with ADHD must also meet certain criteria in order to be diagnosed. The symptoms should have been present for at least two years and be causing significant problems in everyday functioning. This problem can be related to school or relationships, work, or everyday activities. People may have mild moderate, severe, or mild ADHD symptoms. Mild symptoms don't interfere with normal functioning and are often confused with other disorders, like depression or anxiety. Moderate symptoms cause minor disruptions to work or social interactions. In severe cases, it can be difficult to maintain a job or maintain relationships.
People with ADHD may reach a point where they are unable to manage life's demands. They may become disorganized or make a few erroneous mistakes. They may also be hyperactive or impulsive and have difficulty fulfilling their goals and obligations. They might have difficulty recalling information or forgetting the things they were taught.
Request an appointment if you're having trouble with your daily routine and suspect you have ADHD. Your GP may refer you to a psychiatrist or other professional who can do an assessment. You may also ask a therapist you know or someone from your family to recommend someone with experience in ADHD evaluations.
A psychologist or health care provider will examine your medical history and perform an examination. They'll also discuss your current issues with you. They'll likely inquire about your experiences with ADHD as a child as well. They'll want to speak to the person you live with and other important people in your life too, such as your spouse or parents. They'll use this information to decide if you have ADHD and what type of ADHD you have--inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, or combined.
If you're diagnosed with ADHD The psychiatrist will apply for special authority approval to prescribe medication for you. This is a step that New Zealand regulations require for those with ADHD to take medication. The psychiatrist will also collaborate with you and your GP to ensure that the medication works.
Medication
Adults suffering from ADHD can benefit from medications however it's not the only option. Other treatments, like cognitive behavioral therapy and lifestyle changes, can also help. NIMH recommends talking to your health care provider to learn more about the options available to you.
Your healthcare professional will ask you questions about your childhood, and the way you live your life today, and will conduct an examination of your body and psychological test. (These aren't usually required). Your evaluator might also ask you to talk to your partner, family members or other family members close to you to gain an outsider's view of your behavior.
The diagnosis of adult ADHD depends on whether your symptoms are mild or severe. They should be present for a minimum of six months, and they must interfere with two major areas of your life, including work and relationships. You must also meet the diagnostic criteria. This means that your symptoms cannot be explained by another mental illness or substance abuse disorder.
NIMH suggests talking with your health-care provider about your options, including medications and strategies for managing behavior. A lot of primary care doctors regularly examine and treat ADHD in children however adults who suspect they might have it should ask for the referral to a mental health specialist.
Stimulants, which are the drugs used to treat ADHD for adults, can cause adverse side effects like stomach issues or an increase in depression and anxiety. They also can increase the heart rate and blood pressure. Certain people develop tics which are rapid repeated actions or sounds such as eye blinks or throat clearing. Some people suffering from ADHD also have trouble sleeping while taking stimulants.
NIMH suggests talking with your doctor about any concerns you may have regarding side effects from medications or possible clinical trials. Clinical trials are research studies that try new ways to prevent, detect, or treat conditions and diseases. Participants in clinical trials can learn more about their own health and may have the chance to help others. You can learn more about clinical trials and select the right one for you by visiting NIMH's Clinical Trials webpage.
Therapy
It's important that an adult with ADHD work with their doctor to manage their symptoms. The use of medication is one method to manage ADHD and there are different types of pills available. You may need to test different dosages and medications before you find the right one for you. A therapist can aid you in understanding your condition and learning to cope better with its effects. They can also teach you techniques to improve your focus, self-management and organizational skills.
Adults who aren't diagnosed with ADHD find themselves constantly behind in school, at work and in their relationships. Even the most tolerant colleagues, friends and partners may be annoyed by their behavior. They might be prone to forgetting appointments or missing deadlines, and making impulsive decisions which don't always work out well.
Therapy can help people with ADHD become more organized as well as develop coping skills to improve their quality-of-life. They can be taught to identify and alter problematic behaviors such as motivating themselves with rewards or playing computer solitaire to relax after answering emails. One-on-one cognitive behavioral therapy can also be beneficial, and it can reframe negative experiences into positive ones. For example a therapist can help people suffering from ADHD see that their impulsivity isn't a sign of bad character, it's just an inherent response to high levels of stimulation in the brain.
People with ADHD are at greater risk for depression and anxiety A therapist may teach them coping strategies to manage these conditions. Other psychosocial treatments include family therapy and support group networks and classes that are focused on the ability to resolve conflicts and improve communication. For undiagnosed adhd in adults who are employed, the Department of Work and Pensions can provide a service known as Access to Work that helps with workplace accommodations for those who have disabilities, such as ADHD.
It's important to remember that not all therapists are the same and you must choose carefully. You should select someone with whom you feel comfortable and who is able to empower you following a session, and who is knowledgeable about the kind of therapy you're interested in. Ask your psychiatrist for recommendations if you are seeking psychosocial therapist. Children psychiatrists, specifically are well-informed of the treatment options for ADHD and can recommend an expert.
Support
Individuals with ADHD may have symptoms that are so disruptive they require evaluation by a doctor. This evaluation is a conversation about the person's life from childhood to present, and how their symptoms impact school, work as well as relationships and other aspects of daily life. It is important that people who suffer from ADHD speak up without fear of ridicule or shame.
The American Psychiatric Association provides clinical guidelines to diagnose ADHD in adults in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5). These are the criteria medical professionals will look over during the evaluation.
It's important to bring along any documents that could shed light on your symptoms during your visit to a healthcare professional. These include old reports cards or notes from family members or parents. The person who conducts the exam will likely inquire about the person's family history and personal life, as well as conduct a physical examination and some psychological tests.
Remember that inattention or impulsivity does not mean they lack the skills to do their job or other activities. For instance an ADHD person may be creative and productive in many ways including writing stories, drawing to creating things.
If adults are diagnosed with ADHD the sufferers can be afflicted with a variety of emotions. They might be resentful of previous mistakes or be relieved they understand why they have struggled. "There is a lot that needs to be done in terms of grief work, but when people have a clear explanation and all the pieces fall into place and they can really move on," Matlen explains.
People suffering from ADHD are often misunderstood and mistreated by their colleagues, friends, and family. They may have trouble staying focused during meetings or conversations and may be distracted by video games or social media. Certain people with ADHD are told they're lazy or apathetic.
Helping a loved one who suffers from ADHD can assist them in gaining control over their symptoms at home and at work. They can use tools and strategies to improve their organization, such as daily planners and smartphone apps and also get treatment options from a behavioral specialist who is skilled in ADHD. Treatments may also include psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, and accommodations, or tools or changes in the environment of a person to aid in managing their condition. For example an accommodation could be a step stool to allow people who are shorter to access higher shelves or other surfaces.