Child fluid warmers Origins regarding NephrolithiasisAssociated Atherosclerosis

757). Greater agitation also uniquely accounted for more severe suicidal ideation (p = .001). LIMITATIONS This study was cross-sectional, did not assess all potential confounding variables, and utilized a treatment-seeking sample. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest perceived burdensomeness is independently related to suicidal ideation severity in SAD, over thwarted belongingness and other clinical features. Future work should seek to replicate these findings and evaluate causal, longitudinal relationships among perceived burdensomeness, agitation, and severity of suicidal ideation in those with SAD in order to determine whether these may be clinically-relevant mechanisms. Background Anxiety/depression and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are highly prevalent and burdensome conditions, whose co-occurrence is estimated between 44 and 84%. Shared gut microbiota alterations have been identified in these separate disorders relative to controls; however, studies have not adequately considered their comorbidity. This review set out to identify case-control studies comparing the gut microbiota in anxiety/depression, IBS, and both conditions comorbidly relative to each other and to controls, as well as gut microbiota investigations including measures of both IBS and anxiety/depression. Methods Four databases were systematically searched using comprehensive search terms (OVID Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and PubMed), following PRISMA guidelines. Results Systematic review identified 17 studies (10 human, 7 animal). Most studies investigated the gut microbiota and anxiety/depression symptoms in IBS cohorts. Participants with IBS and high anxiety/depression symptoms had lower alpha diversity compared to controls and IBS-only cohorts. Machine learning and beta diversity distinguished between IBS participants with and without anxiety/depression by their gut microbiota. Comorbid IBS and anxiety/depression also had higher abundance of Proteobacteria, Prevotella/Prevotellaceae, Bacteroides and lower Lachnospiraceae relative to controls. Limitations A large number of gut microbiota estimation methods and statistical techniques were utilized; therefore, meta-analysis was not possible. Conclusions Well-designed case-control and longitudinal studies are required to disentangle whether the gut microbiota is predicted as a continuum of gastrointestinal and anxiety/depression symptom severity, or whether reported dysbiosis is unique to IBS and anxiety/depression comorbidity. These findings may inform the development of targeted treatment through the gut microbiota for individuals with both anxiety/depression and IBS. V.BACKGROUND Literature has shown that the effect of depression on all-cause mortality is stronger in men. However, it is less clear whether depression affects older and younger people equally. The present study is aimed to analyze whether depression is associated to all-cause mortality in different age and gender groups. METHODS We analyzed a nationally representative sample of the Spanish adult population that was followed-up on for a period of 6 years (n = 4583). Unadjusted and adjusted cox proportional hazard regression models were conducted to test whether baseline depression was associated to all-cause mortality in the total sample and in the different gender and age specific groups, separately. RESULTS Unadjusted analyses revealed that depression was associated with higher likelihood of having a shorter survival and dying, in the total sample and in both groups of men (18-64 and 65+ years). However, adjusted analyses stratified by age groups and gender revealed that depression was only a significant factor for all-cause mortality in 18-64 aged men (HR 6.11; 95%CI= 2.16,17.23). LIMITATIONS Cause-specific mortality was not examined. Young adults and middle-aged participants were not analyzed separately. CONCLUSIONS The depression and all-cause mortality relationship was only found among young and middle-aged men. Further studies should consider whether the significant association between depression and all-cause mortality in young and middle-aged men is due to a behavior of seeking help less, the way depression is shaped in adult men, or to other clinical or health-system related factors. EGFR inhibitor V.BACKGROUND Insomnia is a common comorbidity symptom in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the brain functional alteration in MDD with higher level insomnia (MDD-HI) and lower level insomnia (MDD-LI) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the association of insomnia with global functional connectivity density (gFCD) in patients with MDD. METHODS A total of 148 participants were recruited and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. A voxel-wise analysis of covariance was employed to explore group differences in gFCD among the MDD-HI, MDD-LI and healthy control (HC) groups. RESULTS The gFCD in the bilateral parahippocampal/hippocampal gyri (PHG/HIP) was higher in the two MDD than in the HC group, and it was higher in the MDD-LI than in the MDD-HI group; the gFCD in the left fusiform area was lower in the MDD than in the HC group. The gFCD in the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) was higher in the MDD-HI than in the MDD-LI and HC groups. The gFCD in the left ITG and posterior PHG/HIP was associated with insomnia, while the gFCD in the left anterior PHG/HIP was correlated with non-insomnia depressive symptoms in the MDD group. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design and the use of brief/subjective insomnia assessments. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that the abnormal brain features of MDD with different insomnia symptom. Importantly, the posterior and anterior parts of the hippocampus may play different roles in the presence or absence of insomnia in patients with MDD. BACKGROUND The association between specific psychiatric disorders and insomnia is well established, but the prevalence of insomnia in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is unknown. This population-based study examined the prevalence of insomnia in patients with OCD compared to unaffected individuals from the general population and to their unaffected full siblings, and evaluated the contribution of psychiatric comorbidities to this association. METHODS Individuals diagnosed with OCD (31,856) were identified from a cohort of 13,017,902 individuals living in Sweden anytime during 1973 and 2013. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the odds of insomnia in individuals with OCD, compared to the general population and their unaffected full siblings. Sensitivity analyses were performed in subgroups from which all individuals with comorbid psychiatric conditions were excluded, one at a time. RESULTS Individuals with OCD had almost 7-fold increased odds of receiving an insomnia diagnosis or being dispensed a drug with specific indication for insomnia, compared to unaffected individuals from the general population (42.