Growth and development of the Experienced Conversation within Dementia Questionnaire Any Qualitative Review

73; I2 = 63%). For all examined outcomes, the quality of evidence was limited.
Overall, the results indicated that although NM treatment had a moderate to large beneficial clinical effect on pain intensity and disability in people with musculoskeletal disorders and on mechanosensitivity in individuals who were asymptomatic, the quality of evidence was limited.
Neural mobilization treatments showed positive results on the pain intensity and disability in individuals with musculoskeletal conditions. Neural mobilization could be integrated into the physical therapy management, although more research is needed.
Neural mobilization treatments showed positive results on the pain intensity and disability in individuals with musculoskeletal conditions. Neural mobilization could be integrated into the physical therapy management, although more research is needed.
Patients with type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight, but excessive weight loss in older adults may be a marker of poor health and subsequent mortality. We examined weight change during the postintervention period of Look AHEAD, a randomized trial comparing intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) with diabetes support and education (DSE) (control) in overweight/obese individuals with type 2 diabetes and sought to identify predictors of excessive postintervention weight loss and its association with mortality.
These secondary analyses compared postintervention weight change (year 8 to final visit; median 16 years) in ILI and DSE in 3,999 Look AHEAD participants. Using empirically derived trajectory categories, we compared four subgroups weight gainers (n = 307), weight stable (n = 1,561), steady losers (n = 1,731), and steep losers (n = 380), on postintervention mortality, demographic variables, and health status at randomization and year 8.
Postintervention weight change averaged -3.7 ± 9.5%, with greater weight loss in the DSE than the ILI group. The steep weight loss trajectory subgroup lost on average 17.7 ± 6.6%; 30% of steep losers died during postintervention follow-up versus 10-18% in other trajectories (P < 0001). The following variables distinguished steep losers from weight stable baseline, older, longer diabetes duration, higher BMI, and greater multimorbidity; intervention, randomization to control group and less weight loss in years 1-8; and year 8, higher prevalence of frailty, multimorbidity, and depressive symptoms and lower use of weight control strategies.
Steep weight loss postintervention was associated with increased risk of mortality. Older individuals with longer duration of diabetes and multimorbidity should be monitored for excessive unintentional weight loss.
Steep weight loss postintervention was associated with increased risk of mortality. Older individuals with longer duration of diabetes and multimorbidity should be monitored for excessive unintentional weight loss.
Prior research has documented age differences in risky decisions and indicates that they are susceptible to gain versus loss framing. However, previous studies focused on 'decisions from description' that explicitly spell out the probabilities involved. The present study expands this literature by examining the effects of framing on age differences in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), a widely used and ecologically valid measure of experience-based risky decision-making that involves pumping a virtual balloon.
In a pre-registered study, younger (aged 18-30, n =129) and older adults (aged 60 and over, n=125) were randomly assigned to either a gain version of the BART, where pumping the balloon added monetary gains, or a loss version, where pumping the balloon avoided monetary losses.
We found a significant age by frame interaction on risk-taking in the loss frame, older adults pumped more frequently and experienced more popped balloons than younger adults, whereas in the gain frame no significant age differences were found. Total performance on the BART did not vary by age or frame. Supplementary analyses indicated that age differences in pumping rates were most pronounced at the beginning of the BART and leveled off in subsequent trials. Controlling for age differences in motivation, personality, and cognition did not account for age differences in risk-taking.
In combination, findings suggest that age differences in risk-taking on the BART are more pronounced when the task context emphasizes avoiding losses rather than achieving gains.
In combination, findings suggest that age differences in risk-taking on the BART are more pronounced when the task context emphasizes avoiding losses rather than achieving gains.
Carefully controlled studies of wind turbine noise (WTN) and sleep are lacking, despite anecdotal complaints from some residents in wind farm areas and known detrimental effects of other noises on sleep. This laboratory-based study investigated the impact of overnight WTN exposure on objective and self-reported sleep outcomes.
Sixty-eight participants (38 females) aged (mean ± SD) 49.2 ± 19.5 were recruited from four groups; N = 14, living <10 km from a wind farm and reporting WTN related sleep disruption; N = 18, living <10 km from a wind farm and reporting no WTN sleep disruption; N = 18, reporting road traffic noise-related sleep disruption; and N = 18 control participants living in a quiet rural area. All participants underwent in-laboratory polysomnography during four full-night noise exposure conditions in random order a quiet control night (19 dB(A) background laboratory noise), continuous WTN (25 dB(A)) throughout the night; WTN (25 dB(A)) only during periods of established sleep; and WTN (2physiological and sleep disruption characteristics of noise disturbances in sleep. https//www.anzctr.org.au/. This study was prospectively registered on the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry.
Although early intervention for infants at risk for cerebral palsy is routinely recommended, the content of intervention is poorly described, varies widely, and has mixed supporting evidence. The purpose of this study was to compare efficacy of 2 interventions grounded in differing domains of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health on developmental outcomes of infants with or at high risk of cerebral palsy.
Infants who meet inclusion criteria will be randomized into either Sitting Together and Reaching To Play or Movement, Orientation, Repetition, Exercise Physical Therapy groups. Both groups will receive intervention twice weekly for 3months and follow-up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months from baseline. The primary objectives compare changes over time and between groups in sitting, gross motor, and cognitive development. this website The setting is the infant's home unless the caregiver requests otherwise. One hundred and fifty infants between 8 and 24months of age will be enrolled in 3 geograporm selection of key principle of intervention in this population.
This will be the first study, to our knowledge, comparing efficacy of early physical therapy with dose-matched interventions and well-defined key principles. The outcomes will inform selection of key principle of intervention in this population.
The FLASH effect is characterized by normal tissue sparing without compromising tumor control. Although demonstrated in various preclinical models, safe translation of FLASH-radiotherapy stands to benefit from larger vertebrate animal models. Based on prior results we designed a randomized phase III trial to investigate the FLASH effect in cat-patients with spontaneous tumors. In parallel, the sparing capacity of FLASH-RT was studied on mini-pigs using large field irradiation.
Cats with T1-T2, N0 carcinomas of the nasal planum were randomly assigned to 2 arms of electron irradiation arm 1 was the standard of care (SoC) and used 10x4.8 Gy (90% isodose), arm 2 used 1x30 Gy (90% isodose) FLASH. Mini-pigs were irradiated using applicators of increasing size and a single surface dose of 31 Gy FLASH Results In cats, acute side effects were mild and similar in both arms. The trial was prematurely interrupted due to maxillary bone necrosis which occurred 9-15 months after RT in 3/7 cats treated with FLASH-RT (43%), as compared to 0/9 cats treated with SoC. All cats were tumor-free at 1 year in both arms, with one cat progressing later in each arm. In pigs, no acute toxicity was recorded but severe late skin necrosis occurred in a volume-dependent manner (7-9 months) which later resolved.
The reported outcomes point to the caveats of translating single-high-dose FLASH-RT and emphasizes the need for caution and further investigations.
The reported outcomes point to the caveats of translating single-high-dose FLASH-RT and emphasizes the need for caution and further investigations.
Although low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets are beneficial in short-term metabolic improvement, the associations of these dietary patterns, particularly with different food sources and quality of macronutrients, with mortality remain unclear among people with prediabetes.
We aimed to examine the associations of different types of lower-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) and lower-fat diets (LFDs) with mortality among individuals with prediabetes.
This study included 9793 adults with prediabetes from the NHANES 1999-2014. Mortality status was linked to National Death Index mortality data through 31 December, 2015. Overall, unhealthy, and healthy LCD and LFD scores were determined based on the percentages of energy from total and subtypes of carbohydrate, fat, and protein. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to calculate HRs and 95% CIs.
Higher healthy LCD score was associated with favorable blood glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, C-reactive protein (CRP), and blood lipids, whereas higher healthy LFd LFD scores tended to be associated with higher all-cause mortality, among people with prediabetes.PUPs A-LONG evaluated the safety and efficacy of recombinant factor VIII Fc fusion protein (rFVIIIFc) in previously untreated patients (PUPs) with hemophilia A. This open-label, phase 3 study enrolled male PUPs ( less then 6 years) with severe hemophilia A to receive rFVIIIFc. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of inhibitor development. Secondary endpoints included annualized bleed rate (ABR). Of 103 subjects receiving ≥1 dose of rFVIIIFc, 80 (78%) were aged less then 1 year at the study start, 20 (19%) had a family history of inhibitors, and 82 (80%) had high-risk F8 mutations. Twenty subjects began on prophylaxis, while 81 began an on-demand regimen (69 later switched to prophylaxis). Eighty-seven (81%) subjects completed the study. Inhibitor incidence was 31.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.8% to 41.7%) in subjects with ≥10 exposure days (or inhibitor); high-titer inhibitor incidence was 15.6% (95% CI, 8.8% to 24.7%). The median (range) time to high-titer inhibitor development was 9 (4-14) exposure days. Twenty-eight (27%) subjects experienced 32 rFVIIIFc treatment-related adverse events; most were inhibitor development. There was 1 nontreatment-related death due to intracranial hemorrhage (onset before the first rFVIIIFc dose). The overall median (interquartile range [IQR]) ABR was 1.49 (0.00-4.40) for subjects on variable prophylaxis dosing regimens. In this study of rFVIIIFc in pediatric PUPs with severe hemophilia A, overall inhibitor development was within the expected range, although high-titer inhibitor development was on the low end of the range reported in the literature. rFVIIIFc was well-tolerated and effective for prophylaxis and treatment of bleeds. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02234323).