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l inflammatory disease contributing to the development of AI.The COVID-19 pandemic provides a pertinent reminder of the imperative to generate timely reliable clinical evidence. Delivery of optimal paediatric care is predicated on the availability of comprehensive, high quality, clinical evidence in a relevant population. However, over 80% of current clinical guidelines and bedside decisions are not based on direct high-level evidence. Integration of research activities into routine clinical care is paramount to address this shortfall. Active engagement of patients, families and hospital administrations is required to reframe integrated clinical trials as a tenet of quality health-care delivery. Current research funding in health care is 1-2 orders of magnitude below that of other industries. At an institutional level, investment in research should be prioritised with enhanced funding and supportive policies. Thoughtful integration of trials into routine bedside care will enable pragmatic research outcomes, tangible returns on financial investments and improved decision-making for patients in the medium- to long-term.
This review analysed the implementation and integration into healthcare systems of maternal and newborn healthcare interventions in Africa that include community health workers to reduce maternal and newborn deaths.
Most neonatal deaths (99%) occur in low- and middle-income countries, with approximately half happening at home. In resource-constrained settings, community-based maternal and newborn care is regarded as a sound programme for improving newborn survival. Health workers can play an important role in supporting families to adopt sound health practices, encourage delivery in healthcare facilities and ensure timeous referral. learn more Maternal and newborn mortality is a major public health problem, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where the Millennium Development Goals 4, 5 and 6 were not achieved at the end of 2015.
The review includes quantitative, qualitative and mixed-method studies, with a data-based convergent synthesis design being used, and the results grouped into categories and trends. The reinterventions by maternal community health workers.
Efficient compression of images while preserving image quality has the potential to be a major enabler of effective remote clinical diagnosis and treatment, since poor Internet connection conditions are often the primary constraint in such services. This paper presents a framework for organ-specific image compression for teleinterventions based on a deep learning approach and anisotropic diffusion filter.
The proposed method, deep learning and anisotropic diffusion (DLAD), uses a convolutional neural network architecture to extract a probability map for the organ of interest; this probability map guides an anisotropic diffusion filter that smooths the image except at the location of the organ of interest. Subsequently, a compression method, such as BZ2 and HEVC-visually lossless, is applied to compress the image. We demonstrate the proposed method on three-dimensional (3D) CT images acquired for radio frequency ablation (RFA) of liver lesions. We quantitatively evaluate the proposed method on 151 CT imageapplied in teleintervention applications.
We thus conclude that the method has a high potential to be applied in teleintervention applications.
To determine whether resilience buffers the deleterious consequences of caregiver burden on quality of life among parents of children with type 1 diabetes.
The burden of caring for a child with type 1 diabetes can be a form of stress and damage parents' quality of life. Resilience is a crucial psychological variable that contributes to individual health in the context of extraordinary challenges. However, no studies in paediatric diabetes have focused on the effects of parent resilience on caregiving burden and quality of life.
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with a convenience sample following the STROBE guidelines.
A total of 227 parents were invited to participate during the children's routine outpatient visit. Parents completed measures of resilience, caregiver burden and quality of life. The disease characteristics of children were extracted from the electronic medical records. We performed hierarchical multiple regression and Johnson-Neyman statistical analysis to probe the moderati This study confirms that resilience is a promising intervention target for parents with heavy caregiver burden and unsatisfactory life quality.
Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is endemic and causes peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. There is a lack of data related to awareness of the general public about HP and associated health risks. The objective of this study was to investigate the awareness and public perceptions about HP and the attitudes towards screening.
This cross-sectional study included a structured 19-item questionnaire targeting members of the general public at a restructured acute hospital in Singapore.
Out of 504 participants, 152 (30.2%) were aware of HP. Higher education was associated with HP awareness (p<0.001, OR 7.4, 95% CI 1.6-32.6). A third, 175 (34.7%) of the respondents identified the stomach as the primary site of infection. 131 (26.0%) respondents identified the fecal-oral route as a mode of transmission. 178 (35.3%) respondents were aware of available screening modalities, with around half of them willing to be screened with blood (n=256, 50.8%) or breath tests (n=265, 52.6%). 430 (85.3%) participants were keen to learn more about HP, and this was associated with age (p<0.05, OR 3.9, 95% CI 2.1-7.1).
Awareness about HP infection is low, and acceptance of screening tests is high. Educational efforts are needed to improve awareness.
Awareness about HP infection is low, and acceptance of screening tests is high. Educational efforts are needed to improve awareness.
To determine the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of COVID-19 patients after discharge and its predicting factors.
COVID-19 has caused a worldwide pandemic and led a huge impact on the health of human and daily life. It has been demonstrated that physical and psychological conditions of hospitalised COVID-19 patients are impaired, but the studies focus on physical and psychological conditions of COVID-19 patients after discharge from hospital are rare.
A multicentre follow-up study.
This was a multicentre follow-up study of COVID-19 patients who had discharged from six designated hospitals. Physical symptoms and HRQoL were surveyed at first follow-up (the third month after discharge). The latest multiple laboratory findings were collected through medical examination records. This study was performed and reported in accordance with STROBE checklist.
Three hundred eleven patients (57.6%) were reported with one or more physical symptoms. The scores of HRQoL of COVID-19 patients at third month after discharge, except for the dimension of general health, were significantly lower than Chinese population norm (p<.