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The present study firstly showed that elevated PCSK9 levels were related to multiple CVMMs and MACEs in stable CAD with diabetes, suggesting that plasma PCSK9 measurement could help to identify diabetic patients with CAD at higher cardiovascular risk. More studies may be needed to confirm our findings.The Veneto region is one of the most affected Italian regions by COVID-19. Chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), may constitute a risk factor in COVID-19. Moreover, respiratory viruses were generally associated with severe pulmonary impairment in cystic fibrosis (CF). We would have therefore expected numerous cases of severe COVID-19 among the CF population. Surprisingly, we found that CF patients were significantly protected against infection by SARS-CoV-2. We discussed this aspect formulating some reasonable theories.
Previous research has highlighted widespread public mis/perceptions that portray women with disabilities (WWDs) as asexual, less likely to marry, and often not interested in childbearing. However, evidence from high-income settings shows that many WWDs are sexually active and do have or want to have children. Notwithstanding this, very few studies have focused on understanding childbearing desires and motivations among WWDs in low-income settings. This qualitative research explored childbearing desires and motivations among WWDs in Ghana.
A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted with WWDs aged 18-49 years in Northern Ghana. The distribution of participants by disability types were as follows physical disability/impairment (n = 37); visual impairment (n = 11); speech and hearing impairment (n = 14); epilepsy (n= ten); and albinism (n= five). A pre-tested open-ended thematic topic guide was designed and used to conduct in-depth interviews. Interviews were tape-recorded and later transcribed for anaceptions about the status of WWDs in relation to sexuality, childbearing and motherhood. More importantly, our findings suggest that if the Sustainable Development Goals related to universal access to sexual and reproductive healthcare are to be attained, WWDs must be targeted with quality sexual and reproductive healthcare information and services.
The presence of histologically different neoplasms in the same organ is rare in pathologic practice. We report the first case of synchronous clear cell renal cell carcinoma (clear cell RCC) and papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity (PRNRP) with comprehensive immunohistochemical and molecular characterization using next-generation sequencing (NGS).
A 61-year-old man was incidentally found to have a left renal mass on imaging studies performed for workup of left back pain and urine color change for 1 week. A laparoscopic left radical nephrectomy was performed. Gross examination showed lobulated masses measuring 5.6 × 4.0 × 3.3 cm in the upper to mid pole and 1.1 × 1.0 × 1.0 cm in the lower pole. Microscopic findings revealed these to be two different separate masses of clear cell renal cell carcinoma and papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity. NGS analyses revealed KRAS gene mutation (c.35G > T/p.G12V in exon 2) in the papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity, with PIK3CA gene mutation restricted to the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (c.1624G > A/p.E542K in exon 10).
We report here an extraordinarily rare case of synchronous renal tumors of papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. We identified simultaneous KRAS and PIK3CA mutations in two different renal masses in the same kidney for the first time. New pathologic assessment with comparative molecular analysis of mutational profiles may be helpful for tumor studies.
We report here an extraordinarily rare case of synchronous renal tumors of papillary renal neoplasm with reverse polarity and clear cell renal cell carcinoma. We identified simultaneous KRAS and PIK3CA mutations in two different renal masses in the same kidney for the first time. New pathologic assessment with comparative molecular analysis of mutational profiles may be helpful for tumor studies.
Countries are transitioning assets and functions from polio eradication to integrated immunization and surveillance activities. We assessed the extent of linkages between and perceptions of National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) and National Certification Committees (NCCs) for polio eradication to understand how linkages can be leveraged to improve efficiencies of these expert bodies.
During May 2017 to May 2018, we administered a 15-question survey to a NITAG chair or member and an NCC counterpart in all countries of the WHO Regions for Africa (AFR) and for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMR) that had both a NITAG and an NCC. Data were analysed using frequency distributions.
Of countries with both a NITAG and an NCC (n = 44), the response rate was 92% (22/24) in AFR and 75% (15/20) in EMR. Sodiumbutyrate Some respondents reported being very familiar with the functions of the other technical bodies, 36% (8/22) for NITAG members and 38% (14/37) for NCC members. Over 85% (51/59) of respondents felt it was somewhat useful or very useful to strengthen ties between bodies. Nearly all respondents (98%, 58/59) felt that NCC expertise could inform measles and rubella elimination programmes.
We observed a broad consensus that human resource assets of NCCs may serve an important technical role to support national immunization policy-making. At this stage of the polio eradication initiative, countries should consider how to integrate the technical expertise of NCC members to reinforce NITAGs and maintain the polio essential functions, beginning in countries that have been polio-free for several years.
We observed a broad consensus that human resource assets of NCCs may serve an important technical role to support national immunization policy-making. At this stage of the polio eradication initiative, countries should consider how to integrate the technical expertise of NCC members to reinforce NITAGs and maintain the polio essential functions, beginning in countries that have been polio-free for several years.